{"id":1760,"date":"2021-12-14T16:57:57","date_gmt":"2021-12-14T09:57:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/52.76.64.37\/?p=1760"},"modified":"2021-12-14T16:57:58","modified_gmt":"2021-12-14T09:57:58","slug":"tai-lieu-hoi-dap-chuong-trinh-mon-cong-nghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/tai-lieu-hoi-dap-chuong-trinh-mon-cong-nghe\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1p ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 1: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
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Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh k\u1ebf th\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

- Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c: ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cho h\u1ecdc sinh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i bao tr\u00f9m, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t chi ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, n\u1ed9i dung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

- Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u1eafn v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u201ch\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d; th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i dung thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1edf c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc; \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111ang r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi<\/p>\n

- T\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vai tr\u00f2 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p trong d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong n\u1ed9i dung m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u1ed9i dung gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p trong m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p; c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp; c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p qua c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn. N\u1ed9i dung gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n

- Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tinh gi\u1ea3n n\u1ed9i dung, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u2013 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u2013 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 2: M\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y STEM nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
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- h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c khi B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c li\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc, d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc g\u1eafn v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, th\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7p; s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng; trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0 \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu; nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 3: N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7?<\/h3>\r\n
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- Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc), v\u1eeba l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qua l\u1ea1i. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

- N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc. \u1ede m\u1ed7i m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong khung n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 4: D\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
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C\u00f3 6 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt sau \u0111\u00e2y khi d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c:<\/p>\n

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  1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. D\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n, c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chung c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t cho th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc<\/li>\n
  2. N\u1ed9i dung d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n. N\u1ed9i dung d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/li>\n
  3. Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m; t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh; \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng; ph\u00e1t huy t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf trong vai tr\u00f2 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/li>\n
  4. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngay trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau ch\u00ed. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u1edbi t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n
  5. M\u1ed7i b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. Vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1eddng minh trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Khi \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u1ed7i c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/li>\n
  6. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn cao. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n (hay ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh) t\u1eebng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, trong m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng sau m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 5: M\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chung, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    - M\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9, \u0111\u1ee9c trung th\u1ef1c, tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3; th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p; v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n

    - Trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c; b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) do c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 mang l\u1ea1i,... N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, l\u00e0m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n

    - \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t huy t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n h\u1ecdc li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1), ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh<\/p>\n

    - N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecdc sinh trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, chia s\u1ebb \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng,...khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/p>\n

    - C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi; gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 6: N\u1ed9i dung ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u1edbi?<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    - Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 4 m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh g\u1ed3m: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng; L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu; Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch 1, 3 v\u00e0 4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n

    - M\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong nh\u00e0; thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c hoa, c\u00e2y xanh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng;<\/p>\n

    - \u1ede c\u1ea5p trung h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 s\u1edf, m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi tri th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong ph\u1ea1m vi gia \u0111\u00ecnh; nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu; c\u01a1 s\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh; N\u00f4ng \u2013 L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Thu\u1ef7 s\u1ea3n; C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 H\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p;<\/p>\n

    - N\u1ed9i dung m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng quan, \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c; c\u00e1c tri th\u1ee9c, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong hai \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p;<\/p>\n

    - Trong d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng, s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n;<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 7: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p cho h\u1ecdc sinh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    - Tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0: \u201ch\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p\u201d. Theo \u0111\u00f3, m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf c\u1ea5p trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trang b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecdc sinh tri th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 theo h\u1ecdc, l\u1ef1c ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/p>\n

    - \u1ede c\u1ea5p trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m hai nh\u00e1nh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn theo h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n

    - \u1ede nh\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u2013 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cho h\u1ecdc sinh. Nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00eau tr\u00ean r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

    - \u1ede nh\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh trang v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi theo h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 8: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i?<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, ph\u00e1t huy t\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u00ednh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i trao \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbp. Khai th\u00e1c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Coi tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ngo\u00e0i s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb; khai th\u00e1c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng trong d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tri th\u1ee9c, \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 9: Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    - \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc sinh; ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng quan s\u00e1t trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp; c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau trong m\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed9i dung.<\/p>\n

    - T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft; trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh; khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 10: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    - Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cho th\u1ea5y, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu; hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n d\u1ea1y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi. S\u1ebd c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n khi t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

    - Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n theo tinh th\u1ea7n v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ngay trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    Q. <\/em>C\u00e2u 11: C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n
    \r\n

    - M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng qua hai m\u00e3 ng\u00e0nh l\u00e0 S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) v\u00e0 S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p). Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 sinh vi\u00ean ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ean ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o (SpKT c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ean m\u00f4n (c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7) c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong tuy\u1ec3n sinh<\/p>\n

    - N\u0103m 2017, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed5 sung ng\u00e0nh S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. N\u0103m 2018 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n sinh ng\u00e0nh S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tuy\u1ec3n sinh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u0103m 2018 cho th\u1ea5y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec3n sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean. Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u1edbi m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\t\r\n \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Q. C\u00e2u 1: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o? Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh k\u1ebf th\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng….<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[105],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1760"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1760"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1760\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1763,"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1760\/revisions\/1763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1760"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1760"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gesd.edu.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1760"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}